Guide to the
Parties
Likud
Beiteinu: Likud is the major conservative
political party in Israel. Likud currently leads the
Israeli government under Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. In 2012, Likud
joined with Yisrael Beiteinu to form a united bloc for the 2013 elections, with
Netanyahu number one on their list. It supports increased settlement in
Jerusalem and the West
Bank, although it is not opposed to negotiations with the
Palestinians and has not ruled out the possibility of a Palestinian state. It
generally supports a free market agenda to the economy. It supports the status
quo when it comes to religion and the state.
Labour: The
Israeli Labor Party is a social-democratic and labor Zionist political party
with Shelly Yachimovich number 1 on their list. Under Yachimovch it has
concentrated on socio-economic issues, calling on the cost of living to be
reduced. It supports the two state solution and is against the building of new
settlements. It is committed to supporting religious pluralism and opposes
legislation that reduces the power of non-Orthodox Jewish groups.
The Jewish
Home: The Jewish Home is a new right
wing national religious Zionist political party, founded in 2008 with Naftali
Bennett number one on their list. The party is founded on the values of modern
Orthodoxy and religious Zionism. The Jewish Home calls on the cost of living to
be decreased through decreasing the power of trade unions and state monopolies.
It opposes the formation of a Palestinian State, instead calling for Israel to officially annex the Israeli controlled
Areas of the West
Bank
Shas: Shas, an
acronym for Shomrei Sfarad, or Sfarad’s gurads of the Torah, is an
ultra-orthodox religious political party in Israel with Eli Yishai number one on their
list. It primarily represents the
interests of religiously observant Sephardic and Mizrahi Jews. They call for
Israel to be run by Halakah (Jewish
Law). In the past, it has shown a moderate approach to the peace process, though
recently they have been more hardline, for instance being against the freezing
of settlement building. It calls for a compensation package for those Jews who
were forced out of Arab Lands, due to the creaton of Israel.
Meretz: Meretz is
a left-wing Zionist, social democratic political party in Israel
with Zahava Galon number one on their
list. The party emphasizes peace with
the Palestinians, human rights for ethnic and sexual minorities, religious
freedom, and environmentalism. It sees itself as the representative of the
Israeli peace movement in the Knesset and in this role calls for the dismantling
of most settlements in the West Bank. It also
speaks out strongly against the demonisation of foreign workers. It calls for
the separation of religion and state.
United Torah
Judaism: Formed from an alliance of Degel
Ha Torah and Agudat Israel, it has been in existence
since 1992 with Yaakov Litzman number one
on their list. It represents the interests of the Ultra Orthodox in Israel
and calls for more inclusion of Jewish law within the state. It is opposed to
civil marriage. It has no opinion when it comes to increasing settlements in the
West Bank, as it sees the religious and social
issues as more important.
Hatnua: This is a
party created by Tsipi Livnin in November 2012, from dissidents of Labour and
Kadima with Tzipi Livni as number one on their list. It is centrist in outlook.
Hatnua is committed to the two state solution and calls for peace negotiations
with the Palestinians to continue. It calls for a law to protect the
environment. It calls for action to be taken to reduce social inequality in
Israel through increasing the
minimum wage and initiating a new public housing programme, paid for by
canceling subsidies to the West Bank and the
Ultra-Orthodox. It supports religious pluralism and says for this to happen the
Orthodox Hegemony of society has to stop.
Otzma
LeYisrael: Far Right Nationalist and
religious party with Ariel Eldad number one on their list. It opposes the
formation of a Palestinian
State and any territorial concessions
to the Palestinians or any talks with the Palestinians and calls for the
nullification of the Oslo accords and the dismantling of the PLO’s
police force, which they see as a terrorist faction. It also calls for Jewish
sovereignty over Temple Mount and to make Hebrew the sole language of
Israel, not having Arabic as a
national language as well. It has a tough line when it comes to illegal
immigrants and foreign workers, saying they should be removed. It calls for the
power of monopolies to be reduced in Israel, to reduce the cost of
living.
Yesh
Atid: Yesh Atid is a political party
founded by Yair Lapid in 2012 with Yair Lapid number one on their list. Lapid
wanted to ensure all Israelis, in particular the ultra orthodox would be
conscripted into the army. It calls for more focus on education, healthcare,
transport and policing, as well as improving the standard of living of the
middle class. It also wants to tackle political corruption, which they see as a
major problem in Israel. It is supportive of a free
market economic system and calls for more to be done to reduce regulatory costs
and help for small businesses. It supports the two state solution, but calls for
the major settlement blocks to remain in Israel.
Hadash: Hadash is
a Jewish and Arab socialist front of organizations defined as Non-Zionist and
Marxist that runs for the Israeli partliament with Mohammad Barakeh number one
on their list. The party supports evacuation of all Israeli settlements, a
complete withdrawal by Israel from all territories occupied
as a result of the Six Day war, and the establishment of a Palestinian state in
those territories. It also supports the right of return or compensation for
Palestinian refugees. In addition to issues of peace and security, Hadash is
also known for being active on social and environmental
issues.
Ra’am-Tal:
Generally represented and supported
by Israeli Arabs, enjoying particular popularity among the Bedouin population..
In 2006, Ra'am joined with another Arab party, Ta'al, and bolstered its support
base. It supports Israeli withdrawal to the pre-1967 borders and the creation
of a Palestinian state, with East Jerusalem as
its capital. It also advocates dismantling all Israeli settlements, including
those in the Golan Heights, Right of return” to Israel
for Palestinian refugees and their descendants and separation of religion and
state. They believe that Arabs should not be recruited to serve in the IDF.
Balad:
An Israeli-Arab political party with Jamal Zalhalka number one on their list. It
wants to change Israel into a democratic state of all
its citizens and is thus opposed to the concept of a Jewish state. It calls for
the state to recognise what they call ‘Palestinian Arabs’ as a national minority
entitled to all the rights that come with this. It opposes the state budget,
which it believes discriminates against Arab citizens. It supports the two state
solution and the implementation of UN resolution 194 in regards of Palestinian
refugees.
Kadima: Kadima is
a centrist and liberal political party in Israel
with Shaul Mofaz number one on their list. It calls for the power of the Ultra
Orthodox to be reduced and supports a free market economy with adequate safety
nets for the poorest. It supports the two state solution and negotiations with
the Palestinians.
Am
Shalem: This party was established in
April 2011 by Knesset member Haim Amsalem who was expelled from Shas five months
before with Haim Amsalem number one on their
list. It calls for the bridge between
secular and religious communities in Israel to be bridged, which it sees
as one of the biggest social divides in Israeli society. It calls for more to be
done to get Haredis into the workforce and the army. It is also committed to
helping the poorest in society, who they feel have been left behind.